弹道导弹主动段机动可攻击区域研究

为了确定导弹在主动段的可攻击区域,研究了发动机剩余工作时间对可攻击区域的影响,提出了弹道导弹主动段变换打击目标的概念。通过数据仿真得到导弹的可攻击区域,应用几何拟合的方法对可攻击区域进行估计,计算导弹在主动段的实时可攻击区域。仿真结果表明,所提几何拟合方法能够有效地描述发动机剩余工作时间对可攻击区域的影响,可攻击区域的吻合度较高。     

辐射计反射面天线面形精度对其主波束效率影响研究

以FY-3卫星微波成像仪天线为模型,对反射面天线面形精度对天线主波束效率的影响进行了分析。提出基于数值拟合法的公式,用GRASP软件半物理仿真结果,修正Ruze公式关于面形精度影响因子的表达式,实现了工程中天线主波束效率快速估算。该方法减小了Ruze公式中由于假设口径场等幅同相分布引起的计算误差,采用该方法后计算精度可控制在1%以内。最后针对多馈源共用反射面的辐射计天线提出了分区域分析面形精度的方法。     

基于路径跟随的改进领航-跟随无人机协同编队方法

针对集群无人机完成高精度协同编队的需要，提出了一种基于路径跟随的改进领航-跟随无人机协同编队方法。首先，在传统A*算法的基础上，引入了障碍威胁系数改进A*算法，为领航无人机规划从起点到目标的全局安全路径；其次，采用Hermite多项式在离散化后对领航无人机的全局安全路径进行参数化表示。当遇到新的障碍信息时，利用改进A*算法重新规划路径；随后，领航无人机将跟随无人机的空间编队信息与编队路径参数信息在集群中完成同步；最后，基于一致性原理设计了编队队形协同控制器，并基于改进人工势场法设计了动态避障控制器。仿真结果表明，与传统的领航-跟随方法相比，该方法可以降低编队误差，提高了复杂曲线路径下无人机的编队精度与稳定性，具有一定的工程应用价值。     

可压缩流湍流度变热线过热比测量方法

开展了可压缩流中湍流度测量技术的研究,以满足高速风洞高精度试验能力的需求。以对流换热规律为基础,从理论上对可压缩流中热线金属丝热平衡关系式进行了推导,以此为基础,详细推导了恒温热线风速仪的响应关系式,得到了质量流量和总温灵敏度系数的显式表达式,建立了可压缩流中湍流度的求解方法。在马赫数为0.3~0.6范围内进行了湍流度测量试验,以响应关系式为数学模型,利用双曲线拟合方法对试验数据进行了拟合分析,求解得到了马赫数在0.3~0.6范围内流场湍流度约为0.3%~0.6%。对热线输出电压进行了频谱分析,根据频谱特性,利用低通滤波对频域信号进行了处理,有效降低了时域信号脉冲尖峰对湍流度求解的影响,滤波后求解得到马赫数在0.3~0.6范围内流场湍流度约为0.1%~0.3%,与前期测量结果相符。试验结果证明了所建立理论方法的正确性及利用恒温热线风速仪变过热比方法测量可压缩流湍流度的可行性。     

英语课堂提问模式研究

课堂提问是英语课堂教学中师生交流的主要途径之一,提问方式对课堂互动起着重要作用。利用建构主义和交际论的理论框架,探讨如何通过课堂提问,达到在课堂互动中提高学生交际能力的目的。     

非线性负阻尼极限环型角位移振荡运动定量分析

从某飞行器两次飞行记录的俯仰角θ、偏航角Ψ观测值出发,分别采用对Van der Pol方程描述的θ和Ψ的角位移振荡运动微分方程进行气动参数辨识,和对观测值θ-狋、Ψ-t曲线的外包络线进行参数拟合两种分析方法,对该飞行器的角位移振荡运动特性进行了定量分析。两种分析方法取得了较为一致的结果,并证明该飞行器飞行中出现的锥形振荡运动是典型的非线性负阻尼极限环型的振荡运动,获得了非线性负阻尼极限环型气动阻尼力矩的典型表达式。分析结果表明非线性负阻尼极限环类型的气动阻尼能够导致飞行器出现动不稳定。     

在轨服务中非合作目标空间圆检测方法研究

为自主完成空间服务任务,需要满足各种功能需求、突破多种关键技术。针对在轨服务中具有圆特征的非合作目标空间圆（星箭对接环、发动机喷管等）,首先分析了非合作目标空间圆检测技术在在轨服务系统中的主要应用;然后提出了一种非合作目标空间圆的检测方法,通过Canny算子检测边缘,并用Freeman链码法对边缘进行提取分类,再利用RED算法进行非合作目标空间圆检测;最后给出仿真结果,在保证检测精度的前提下,较传统的RED算法明显降低了算法的耗时量。     

数字图像处理技术在表面划痕测量中的应用

为解决飞机座舱、机翼蒙皮表面划痕的准确测量问题,设计了一种基于数字图像处理技术的表面划痕测量系统。测量系统将物体表面划痕成像在CCD上,通过对划痕图像进行分割、变换、拟合等处理,最后得到划痕深度。这种方法较人眼瞄准方法减少了人员测量误差,提高了测量准确度和测量效率;通过对标准划痕的重复测量,实验标准差可达0.5μm,能够满足工程测量的需要。     

Synergistic use of multitemporal RAMP,ICESat and GPS to construct an accurate DEM of the Larsemann Hills region,Antarctica

An enhanced digital elevation model (DEM) of the Larsemann Hills region, east Antarctica, is constructed synergistically by using highly accurate ground-based GPS measurements, satellite-derived laser altimetry (GLAS/ICESat) and Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project (RAMPv2) DEM-based point elevation dataset. Our DEM has a vertical accuracy of about 1.5 times better than RAMPv2 DEM and seven times better than GLAS/ICESAT-based DEM. The accuracy is improved by validating the RAMPv2 DEM elevation by supplementing with GLAS/ICESat and DGPS survey data, when compared to that of DEM constructed by using GLAS/ICESat or RAMPv2 alone. With the use of accurate GPS data as ground control points reference elevations, the DEM extracted is much more accurate with least mean RMSE of 34.5 m than that constructed by using a combination of GLAS/ICESat and RAMPv2 as true reference. The newly constructed DEM 7 achieves highest accuracy with the least average elevation difference of 0.27 m calculated using 46 ground reference points. Available DEMs of Antarctic region generated by using radar altimetry and the Antarctic Digital Database indicate elevation variations in the range of 50–100 m, which necessitates the generation of local DEM and its validation by using ground truth. This is our first attempt of fusing multi-temporal, multi-sensor and multi-source elevation data to generate a DEM of any part of Antarctica, in order to address the ice elevation change to infer the ice mass balance. Our approach focuses on the strengths of each elevation data source to produce an accurate DEM.     

Framing holes within a loop hierarchy

We investigate the relation between nontrivial spatial concepts such as holes and string loops from a qualitative spatial reasoning perspective. In particular, we concentrate on a family of puzzles dealing with this kind of objects and explain how a loop formed in a string shows a similar behavior to a hole in an object, at least regarding the qualitative constraints it imposes on the solution of the puzzle. Unlike regular holes, however, we describe how string loops can be dynamically created and destroyed depending on the actions on the string. Furthermore, under a Knowledge Representation point of view, we provide a formalization that allows the different puzzle states to be described in terms of string crossings and loops, together with the actions that can be executed for a state transition and the complex effects they cause on the state representation. This implies the consideration of a formal representation of the side effects of actions that create or destroy string loops and the soundness of this representation with respect to the more general representation of string states in knot theory.